@article {83229,
	title = {Ecological Effects of Tide Gate Upgrade or Removal: A Literature Review and Knowledge Synthesis},
	year = {2018},
	note = {{\textquotedblleft}This document reports on findings, conclusions and recommendations derived from scientific literature and knowledge regarding the effectiveness of tide gate removal or upgrade in improving conditions for Oregon{\textquoteright}s native migratory fish species, particularly salmonids, and other plant and animal species that utilize estuarine ecosystems. The project was commissioned by the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board (OWEB) to foster better understanding of the effectiveness of their past investments in estuary habitat restoration involving tide gates, and to aid in targeting future investments. This will be especially important because many less-complicated projects (e.g. those on public land, smaller, single-action projects, those with consensus on land use) have already been completed, and restoration efforts are becoming increasingly complex and resource intensive{\textquotedblright} (from the Executive Summary).},
	pages = {136 p.},
	institution = {Institute for Natural Resources, Oregon State University },
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Bandon Marsh, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Columbia River estuary, Coos Bay, depleted populations, dike removal, environmental law and policy, fish passage, flooding, human impacts, Little Nestucca River, Nehalem River, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus spp., salinity, Salmon River Estuary, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw River, Tidal channels, Tide gates, Tillamook Bay, water temperature, wetland restoration, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://www.oregon.gov/oweb/Documents/Tide-Gate-Ecological-Effects.pdf },
	author = {Souder, Jon A. and Tomaro, Londi M. and Giannico, Guillermo R. and Behan, Jeff R.}
}
@mastersthesis {38611,
	title = {Site Selection by Migratory Shorebirds in Oregon Estuaries Over Broad and Fine Spatial Scales},
	year = {2012},
	note = {{\textquotedblleft}My goal in this research was to identify environmental features or habitat characteristics that predict shorebird abundance in Oregon estuaries{\textquotedblleft} (p.72).  The author found differences in preferred habitat between spring and fall migrations.  In the spring, shorebirds have a relatively narrow window in which to make it to their Arctic breeding grounds.  In this intensely social time, the birds preferred larger estuaries.  On the other hand, in the fall, shorebird preference was more strongly influenced by habitats.  Marsh habitats and grasslands for roosting sites were good fall density predictors.  Estuarine channels were preferred feeding sites.  In Oregon, the Coquille River estuary, Coos Bay and Siletz Bay were the preferred fall sites.  This most interesting and enlightening work can help wildlife managers better understand the relative importance of various habitats. },
	pages = {79 p.},
	school = {Portland State University},
	type = {Masters Thesis},
	edition = {M. S.},
	chapter = {Environmental Science and Management},
	address = {Portland, Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, birds, Columbia River estuary, Coos Bay, Coquille River estuary, Dowitcher = Limnodromus spp., Dunlin = Calidris alpine, feeding behavior, food availability, habitats, Humboldt Bay, Least sandpiper = Calidris minutilla, Necanicum River, Necanicum River estuary, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, San Francisco Bay, Sand Lake, Sanderling = Calidris alba, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw River estuary, spatial distribution, temporal distribution, theses, Tillamook Bay, western sandpiper = Calidris mauri, Willapa Bay, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/443/},
	author = {Miller, Aileen Kilpatrick}
}
@inbook {51326,
	title = {Impacts of climate change on Oregon{\textquoteright}s coasts and estuaries},
	booktitle = {Oregon Climate Assessment Report},
	year = {2010},
	note = {This is Chapter 6 of the Oregon Climate Assessment Report. Predicts {\textquotedblleft}Increased winter{\textendash}early spring flow of coastal rivers and creeks and reduced flow during summer{\textquotedblright} for the Umpqua River (p.242)},
	pages = {p.211-268},
	publisher = {Oregon State University. College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences. Oregon Climate Change Research Institute,},
	organization = {Oregon State University. College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences. Oregon Climate Change Research Institute,},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Alsea Spit, bacteria, Bayocean Spit, climate change, climate precipitation, coastal hazards, Columbia River estuary, Coos Bay, dissolved oxygen, El Nino, erosion, estuaries, geology, landslides, Nehalem Bay, Nehalem Spit, Neskowin (Or.), Netarts Bay, ocean acidification, Rockaway Beach, salinity, Salmon River Estuary, sea level, Siletz Bay, Tillamook Bay, water temperature, wave heights, Yachats River, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://digital.osl.state.or.us/islandora/object/osl\%3A637577},
	author = {Ruggiero, Peter and Brown, Cheryl A. and Komar, Paul D. and Allan, Jonathan C. and Reusser, Deborah A. and Lee II, Henry},
	editor = {Dello, Kathie and Mote, Philip W.}
}
@article {38306,
	title = {Oregon Tidal Wetland Reference Sites Pilot Project : Soils Data},
	year = {2009},
	note = {This file includes tidal wetland soils data for 14 sampling areas at 5 sites on the Oregon coast. The sites are Blind Slough (tidal swamp) in the lower Columbia River estuary , Coal Creek (tidal swamp) in the Nehalem estuary, Millport Slough (high marsh) and Siletz Keys (low marsh) in the Siletz estuary, and Hidden Creek Marsh (high marsh and low marsh) in the South Slough estuary (Coos Bay). Data is presented for the year 2007 for soil pH, percent organic matter, electrical conductivity, salinity, percent sand, silt and clay and texture class.  Soils data for additional tidal wetland sites on the OR coast are intended to be added to this site. These data for 2007 may be updated with additional samples.},
	keywords = {Blind Slough, carbon, chemistry, Coal Creek, Columbia River estuary, Coos Bay, Hidden Marsh, Millport Slough, salinity, sediments, Siletz Bay, Siletz Keys, silica, soils, South Slough, tidal marshes, wetlands},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/datasets/ks65hj656},
	author = {Brophy, Laura and Tully, Rebecca and Christy, John A. and Cornu, Craig}
}
@proceedings {38296,
	title = {The arrival of the European green crab, <i>Carcinus maenas</i>, in Oregon estuaries},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Conference held Jan_27-29 1999.},
	pages = {p.94-99},
	publisher = {Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA},
	address = {Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA},
	keywords = {biological, Columbia River estuary, Coos Bay estuary, Coquille River estuary, green crab=Carcinus maenas, introduced species, life history information, Netarts estuary, Oregon State University Hatfield Marine Science Center, Salmon River Estuary, Siletz River estuary, Siuslaw River estuary, Tillamook estuary, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay},
	isbn = {1561720259},
	author = {Yamada, Sylvia B. and Hunt, Chris and Richmond, N.},
	editor = {Pederson, J}
}
@proceedings {38276,
	title = {Change in Pacific Northwest coastal ecosystems: proceedings of the Pacific Northwest Coastal Ecosystems Regional Study Workshop},
	volume = {no. 11},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Held August 13-14, 1996.},
	publisher = {NOAA Coastal Ocean Office},
	address = {Troutdale, Oregon},
	keywords = {biological, chinook salmon=Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, chum salmon=Oncorhynchus keta, coastal upwelling, Columbia River estuary, community ecology, Coos River estuary, ecological succession, ecological values, ecosystem modeling, environmental policy and law, estuarine dynamics, general, general ecosystem description, historical, human impacts, land use, Pacific salmonids=Oncorhynchus species, physical, physical modifications, population biology, steelhead=Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout=Salmo gairdneri), Yaquina Bay, Yaquina River, Yaquina River Basin},
	url = {https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/1668},
	author = {McMurray, Gregory R. and Robert J Bailey}
}
@article {37691,
	title = {Shorebird Numbers in Wetlands of the Pacific Flyway:  A Summary of Counts from April 1988 to January 1992},
	year = {1992},
	note = {Summarizes waterbird census data from 1988-1991.},
	pages = {50 p.},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Bandon Marsh, birds, black-bellied plover = Pluvialis squatarola, Columbia River estuary, Coos Bay, dowitchers = Limnodromus spp., Dunlin = Calidris alpina, Greater yellowlegs = Tringa melanoleuca, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, New River Estuary, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw River estuary, Snowy plover = Charadrius nivosus, temporal abundance, temporal distribution, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River estuary, western sandpiper = Calidris mauri, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/J/41812324.pdf},
	author = {Page, Gary W. and Shuford, W. Davud and Kjelmyr, Janet E. and Stenzel, Lynne E.}
}
@book {32371,
	title = {Ghost Ports of the Pacific},
	volume = {II},
	year = {1989},
	note = {v.2 has Oregon ports.},
	month = {1989},
	keywords = {Alsea River estuary, Columbia River estuary, Coos River estuary, Coquille River estuary, general, historical, Siletz River estuary, Siuslaw River estuary, Tillamook estuary, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay},
	author = {Riegel, Martin P.}
}
@article {38351,
	title = {Species profiles : life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Northwest) : ghost shrimp and blue mud shrimp},
	volume = {no. 82-11.93},
	year = {1989},
	note = {This is a classic overview of the biology and life history of ghost shrimp and mud shrimp in the Pacific Northwest, although the heavily parasitized mud shrimp may soon become extinct in Oregon estuaries. Good bibliography, if a bit dated. Map, charts, line drawings.},
	pages = {14 p.},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, commercial fisheries - shellfish, Coos Bay, Coquille Bay, crustaceans, fecundity, general, Ghost shrimp = Neotrypaea californiensis  (Callianassa californiensis), growth, life history information, Mud shrimp = Upogebia pugettensis, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, recreational fisheries - shellfish, reproductive behavior, Rogue River estuary, Salmon River Estuary, Sand Lake, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw Bay, taxonomy, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a206132.pdf},
	author = {Hornig, Susanna and Sterling, Anita and United States. National Wetlands Research Center and Stanley D. (Stanley DeWitt) Smith and United States. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. Coastal Ecology Group, and United States. National Wetlands Research Center}
}
@article {24881,
	title = {Physical and hydrologic characteristics.  The Oregon estuaries},
	volume = {no.1},
	year = {1988},
	note = {Good basic physical descriptions of Oregon estuaries. },
	month = {November_1988},
	address = {Rockville, MD},
	keywords = {Alsea River estuary, Columbia River estuary, Coos River estuary, estuarine dynamics, hydrology, Nehalem River estuary, Netarts estuary, physical, Rogue River estuary, Siletz River estuary, Siuslaw River estuary, Tillamook estuary, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay, Yaquina River Basin},
	url = {https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2853},
	author = {Shirzad, Farzad F. and United States. Ocean Assessments Division. Strategic Assessment Branch,}
}
@article {37591,
	title = {Oregon Salmon and Steelhead Sport Catch Statistics },
	year = {1985},
	institution = {Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife},
	address = {Portland. Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea River estuary, Beaver Creek estuary, Big Elk Creek, catch statistics, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, Coos River estuary, Coquille River estuary, general, Nestucca River estuary, Pacific salmonids=Oncorhynchus species, recreational fisheries - salmon, Rogue River estuary, Salmon River Estuary, Siletz River estuary, Siuslaw River estuary, Sixes River estuary, statistics, Tillamook estuary, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay, Yaquina River},
	author = {Oregon. Dept. of Fish and Wildlife,}
}
@book {36846,
	title = {The ecology of estuarine channels of the Pacific Northwest coast: a community profile},
	series = {FWS/OBS},
	volume = {no.82/32},
	year = {1983},
	note = {Overview of assemblages in estuarine channels in this region:  benthic fauna, epifauna, zooplankton, fishes, birds, mammals. Illustrations, charts and maps. Available in Google Books.},
	pages = {101 p.},
	publisher = {U.S. Department of the Interior.  Fish and Wildlife Service},
	organization = {U.S. Department of the Interior.  Fish and Wildlife Service},
	chapter = {101 pp.},
	address = {Washington, D.C.},
	keywords = {Alsea River estuary, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic vegetation, biological, birds, chemical, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, community ecology, Coos River estuary, Coquille River estuary, Elk River estuary, estuarine dynamics, fishes, general, geological, marine mammals, natural resource management, Necanicum River estuary, Nehalem River estuary, Nestucca River estuary, Netarts estuary, physical, Pistol River estuary, primary production, Rogue River estuary, Salmon River Estuary, Sand Lake Estuary, Siletz River estuary, Siuslaw River estuary, Sixes River estuary, species list, terrestrial mammals, Tillamook estuary, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://tinyurl.com/rn8zw9y},
	author = {Simenstad, Charles A. and United States. National Coastal Ecosystems Team}
}
@article {31551,
	title = {The ecology of tidal marshes of the Pacific Northwest coast : a community profile},
	volume = {no.82/32},
	year = {1983},
	pages = {65 p.},
	address = {Washington, DC},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic vegetation, birds, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, Coos Bay, Coquille River estuary, fishes, geographic distribution, natural resource management, Necanicum Bay, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca  River estuary, Netarts Bay, Rogue River estuary, salinity, Salmon River Estuary, Sand Lake Estuary, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw Bay, Sixes River estuary, soils, species list, terrestrial mammals, tidal marsh, tidal processes, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River estuary, wetland vegetation, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://tinyurl.com/2vsbvs8c},
	author = {Seliskar, Denise M. and Gallagher, John L. and National Coastal Ecosystems Team (U.S.), and United States. Fish and Wildlife Service. Division of Biological Services, and University of Delaware. College of Marine Studies,}
}
@article {38046,
	title = {Heavy metals in estuarine shellfish from Oregon},
	journal = {Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology},
	volume = {12},
	year = {1983},
	note = {Good data. Checked mercury, zinc, manganese, iron, copper and cadmium concentrations in molluscs and crustaceans in six Oregon estuaries. Found relatively low levels of heavy metals, especially of cadmium.},
	month = {1983},
	pages = {15-23},
	keywords = {Alsea River estuary, aquatic invertebrates, biological, bivalves, cadmium, chemical, Columbia River estuary, Coos River estuary, copper, Coquille River estuary, crustaceans, decapods, dungeness crab=Metacarcinus magister (Cancer magister), heavy metals, iron, manganese, mercury, molluscs, Nehalem River estuary, Nestucca estuary, Netarts estuary, Nuttall cockle=Clinocardium nuttallii, Salmon  River estuary, Siletz River estuary, softshell clam=Mya arenaria, Tillamook estuary, toxicity, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay, zinc},
	author = {Caldwell, Richard S. and Buhler, Donald R.}
}
@article {37596,
	title = {Pounds and Value of Commercially Caught Fish and Shellfish Landed in Oregon},
	year = {1980},
	note = {Although this has not been printed since the 2000 issue, ODFW has the data. Commercial landing statistics in recent years are available on the Internet.},
	month = {1980-},
	institution = {Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife},
	address = {Portland, Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea River estuary, aquatic invertebrates, bivalves, catch statistics, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, commercial fisheries, Coos River estuary, Coquille River estuary, crustaceans, decapods, Depoe Bay, economics, fishes, hatchery salmonids, molluscs, Nehalem River estuary, Netarts estuary, Port Orford, Rogue River estuary, Siletz River estuary, Siuslaw River estuary, species list, Tillamook estuary, Umpqua River estuary, Winant, Yaquina Bay},
	author = {Oregon. Dept. of Fish and Wildlife,}
}
@article {24236,
	title = {The Dungeness Crab Fishery in Oregon Estuaries},
	year = {1977},
	note = {"Oregon{\textquoteright}s estuaries are focal points in an important recreational and commercial fishery for Dungeness crab. This report describes crabbing in Oregon{\textquoteright}s estuaries and includes brief notes on crab biology, catch statistics, major fishing areas, fishing regulations, problems, and proposed solutions." (Introduction) Internal discussion paper.},
	pages = {13 p.},
	keywords = {abundance, Alsea Bay, catch statistics, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, commercial fisheries - shellfish, Coos Bay, Coquille Bay, crustaceans, Dungeness crab = Metacarcinus magister (Cancer magister), life history information, natural resource management, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, recreational fisheries - shellfish, Rogue River estuary, Salmon River Estuary, Sand Lake, shellfish, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw Bay, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/4f16c371f},
	author = {Oregon. Dept. of Fish and Wildlife. Marine Region,}
}
@mastersthesis {24051,
	title = {Pollution and Tidal Flushing Predictions for Oregon{\textquoteright}s Estuaries},
	year = {1975},
	note = {"The overriding goal of this study was to provide first order estimates of dilution and tidal flushing of waste discharges released hypothetically into various Oregon estuaries during critical low flows and tides." (from the Abstract) Masters of Ocean Engineering thesis.  Major professor was Larry S. Slotta.},
	pages = {163 p.},
	school = {Oregon State University},
	type = {Masters Thesis},
	edition = {M. Oc. E.},
	chapter = {Dept. of Civil Engineering, Ocean Engineering},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Columbia River estuary, Coos Bay, dissolved oxygen, Nehalem Bay, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw Bay, theses, tidal currents, tidal data, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua Bay, water pollution, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/db78tf26w},
	author = {Choi, Byungho}
}
@book {36856,
	title = {Bays and Estuaries of Oregon: A Literature Review of Ph. D. and Master Theses at Oregon State University and University of Oregon},
	year = {1974},
	note = {11 p.},
	pages = {11 p.},
	publisher = {Oregon State University. School of Oceanography},
	organization = {Oregon State University. School of Oceanography},
	address = {Corvallis, OR},
	keywords = {Alsea River estuary, bibliography, Columbia River estuary, Coos River estuary, Rogue River estuary, Siletz River estuary, Sixes River estuary, theses, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/3n203z661},
	author = {Smallbone, Norma}
}
@article {23876,
	title = {Tidal inlets on the California, Oregon and Washington coasts},
	volume = {no.24-12},
	year = {1972},
	note = {"HEL-24-12."  This title is available online to subscribers of Hathi Trust.},
	institution = {Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory, University of California},
	address = {Berkley, CA},
	keywords = {Alsea River estuary, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, Coos River estuary, Coquille River estuary, Necanicum River estuary, Nehalem River estuary, Nestucca River estuary, Netarts estuary, physical, Rogue River estuary, Siletz River estuary, Siuslaw River estuary, tidal currents, Tillamook estuary, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay},
	author = {Johnson, J. W. and University of California, Berkeley. Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory.,}
}
@book {23576,
	title = {Atlas of eastern Pacific marine game fishing},
	series = {Circular / U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service },
	volume = {no.174},
	year = {1964},
	note = {Fold-out charts},
	month = {1964},
	publisher = {United States Department of the Interior},
	organization = {United States Department of the Interior},
	address = {Washington D.C.},
	keywords = {Alsea River estuary, biological, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, Coos River estuary, Coquille River estuary, Elk River estuary, geographical distribution, map, Nehalem River estuary, Nestucca River estuary, Netarts estuary, recreational fisheries, Rogue River estuary, Salmon  River estuary, Siletz River estuary, Siuslaw River estuary, Sixes River estuary, species list, temporal distribution, Tillamook estuary, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay},
	author = {Squire, James L. and United States. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, and United States. Fish and Wildlife Service,}
}
@article {36661,
	title = {Fifth and Sixth Annual Reports to the Governor, 1891-1892},
	year = {1893},
	note = {"Umpqua river. -One cannery in operation; pack, about 12,000 cases; used fresh, 20,000 pounds. There are 50 men engaged in fishing, the cannery taking all the fish except those used fresh. Siuslaw river .-Two canneries were operated this season, packing about 18,000 cases. About 350 barrels will be salted, and 10,000 pounds used fresh. There are 60 men engaged in fishing, some of them going from the Columbia river after the season closed.Alsea bay.-One cannery in operation this season, packing 3,600 cases; there will be about 100 barrels salted. Yaquina river. -No cannery in operation this year. There are 52 men engaged in fishing, including 12 oystermen. Of the salmon caught there will be about 600 barrels salted, and about 125,000 pounds shipped fresh. The oyster fisheries are not improving to any great extent, the amount for the past year being 1,217 sacks, containing two bushels each. The greater portion of these were shipped to San Francisco. On the Siletz, Salmon, and Nestucca rivers no fishing was done except for home consumption. The catch of the streams combined may reach 50,000 pounds." (6th report, 1892, p.33-34)  In addition to the Annual Reports, gives the fish laws and game laws of Oregon.},
	pages = {44 p.},
	keywords = {Alsea River estuary, Big Elk Creek, catch statistics, Columbia River estuary, commercial fisheries, Coos River estuary, Coquille River estuary, economics, environmental policy and law, general, hatchery salmonids, methodology, natural resource management, Nehalem River estuary, Nestucca River estuary, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw River estuary, Tillamook estuary, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay, Yaquina River},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/qv33rx511},
	author = {Oregon. State Board of Fish Commissioners,}
}
